SELECTION OF FARM SITE and FARM CONSTRUCTION.

The important points that must be kept in mind while selecting the site are:

1. Fertile land and irrigated water.
2. Easy access to road
3. Electricity facility
4. Area must have a good repute
5. Ground water must be fit for human use.
6. Never keep local labor
   
   
   The objective of fertile land is:

If we want to produce fodder on our farm then this is important for reducing the cost of feeding. Never construct a farm near main road. Salty water has a negative effect on the animals especially calf.

3. FARM CONSTRUCTION.

The farm should be durable, economical and extendable.

There are 2 types of housing systems:

i) LOOSE HOUSING SYSTEM.

In this system, animals are let loose except at the time of milking and treatment. No doubt it is very economical system but has certain technical drawbacks such as:

• Each animal can’t get its due share of feeding resulting in low profitability. Their exact genetic potential is not fully exploited.
• We can’t detect the animal in problem easily.
• We can’t detect the animal in heat.

This economics is useless if it is on the cost of problems. That’s why we recommended conventional housing system.

ii) CONVENTIONAL HOUSING SYSTEM.

This system depends upon herd size along with area dimension. It is further divided into 2 types:

1. Single row housing system

This system is for herd size up to 20.

2. Double row housing system

This system is for herd size more than 20.This system is further of 2 types:

• Face to face system
• Tail to tail system

WHY FEEDING PASSAGE SHOULD BE OUT OF SHED IN TAIL TO TAIL SYSTEM

1. For biosecurity point of view so that minimum entry occurs.
2. Feeding the animals without disturbing them.

In shed, the floor should have grooves to avoid slipping.

Drainage should not be so deep or narrow i-e- 2-3 inches deep and 6-7 inches wide.

Small gutters must be attached with main gutter.

The main gutter should be outside the shed.

The irrigation water should go through the main gutter so that FYM is mixed with it and applied to the fields. In this way, application of chemical fertilizers decreases, fertility increases, farm profit increases and labor is reduced.

ADVANTAGES OF COMMON PASSAGE

We can detect the animals in heat.

            We can check the milkers.

(Offered By Mr.Zeeshan Javed )

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